天然油脂乙氧基化物稳定高内相乳液影响因素的研究

以棕榈仁油乙氧基化物(SOE-N-60)为表面活性剂稳定高内相乳液(HIPEs)。通过对乳液外观、微观结构、粒径分布、黏度和流变学测试，研究了油相体积分数、SOE-N-60添加量对HIPEs性能的影响，同时对其稳定性进行考察。结果表明：SOE-N-60添加量为0.6%~1.5%（油相体积分数为83%）、油相体积分数为74%~86%（SOE-N-60添加量为1.0%）时可形成稳定的HIPEs，此时乳液液滴内部形成紧密堆积的网络结构，乳液粒径变小，具有弹性凝胶性质，并展现出很好的黏弹性和触变性，且随着油相体积分数和SOE-N-60添加量的增大，乳液黏弹性逐渐增强，同时HIPEs在(-5±1) ℃、(25±1) ℃、(40±1) ℃下贮存24 h时均具有良好的稳定性。     

Enhanced electrochemical performance of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 via titanium and boron co-doping

Titanium and boron are simultaneously introduced into LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ to improve the structural stability and electrochemical performance of the material. X-ray diffraction studies reveal that Ti⁴⁺ ion replaces Li⁺ ion and reduces the cation mixing; B³⁺ ion enters the tetrahedron of the transition metal layers and enlarges the distance of the [LiO₆] layers. The co-doped sample has spherical secondary particles with elongated and enlarged primary particles, in which Ti and B elements distribute uniformly. Electrochemical studies reveal the co-doped sample has improved rate performance (183.1 mAh·g^-1 at 1 C and 155.5 mAh·g^-1 at 10 C) and cycle stability (capacity retention of 94.7% after 100 cycles at 1 C). EIS and CV disclose that Ti and B co-doping reduces charge transfer impedance and suppresses phase change of LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O_2.     

Understanding grain refining and anti Si-poisoning effect in Al-10Si/Al-5Nb-B system

Grain refinement is critical for fabricating high-quality Al-Si casting components in the application of automobile and aerospace industries,while the well-known Si-poisoning effect makes it difficult.Nbbased refiners offer an effective method to refine Al-Si casting alloys,but their anti Si-poisoning capability is far from being understood.In this work,the grain refining mechanism and the anti Si-poisoning effect in the Al-10 Si/Al-5 Nb-B system were systematically investigated by combining transmission electron microscope,first-principles calculations,and thermodynamic calculations.It is revealed that NbB₂provides the main nucleation site in the Al-10 Si ingot inoculated by 0.1 wt.%Nb Al-5 Nb-B refiner.The exposed Nb atoms on the(0001)NbB₂and(1-100)NbB₂surface can be substituted by Al to form(Al,Nb)B₂intermedia layers.In addition,a layer of NbAl₃-like compound(NbAl₃')can cover the surface of NbB₂with the orientation relation of(1-100)[11-20]NbB_2//(110)[110]NbAl₃'.Both of the(Al,Nb)B₂and NbAl₃'intermedia layers contribute to enhancing the nucleation potency of NbB₂particles.These discoveries provide fundamental insight to the grain refining mechanism of the Nb-B based refiners for Al-Si casting alloys and are expected to guide the future development of stronger refiners for Al-Si casting alloys.     

Re-Looking into the Active Moieties of Metal X-ides (X- = Phosph-, Sulf-, Nitr-, and Carb-) Toward Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Non-precious metal-based catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have been extensively studied, among which the transition metal X-ides (including phosph-ides, sulf-ides, nitr-ides, and carb-ides) materials are emerging as promising candidates to replace the benchmark Ir/Ru-based materials in alkaline media. However, it is controversial whether the metal Xides host the real active sites since these metal Xides are thermodynamically unstable under a harsh OER environment—it has been reported that the initial metal Xides can be electrochemically oxidized and transformed into corresponding oxides and (oxy)hydroxides. Therefore, the metal Xides are argued as “pre-catalysts”; the electrochemically formed oxides and (oxy)hydroxides are believed as the real active moieties for OER. Herein, the recent advances in understanding the transformation behavior of metal Xides during OER are re-looked; importantly, hypotheses are provided to understand why the electrochemically formed oxides and (oxy)hydroxides catalysts derived from metal Xides are superior for OER to the as-prepared metal oxides and (oxy)hydroxides catalysts.     

Joint impact of CEE and IQI on NOMA with full-duplex relaying system

Wireless Networks - This paper considers the performance of non-orthogonal multiple-access (NOMA) with full-duplex (FD) relaying system in the presence of two practical undesirable defects, namely...     

水杨酸处理诱导采后甜瓜抗坏血酸-还原型谷胱甘肽循环代谢清除过氧化氢的作用及机制

目的：研究抗坏血酸（ascorbic acid，AsA）-还原型谷胱甘肽（reduced glutathione，GSH）循环代谢在水杨酸处理采后甜瓜诱导的过量H2O2清除过程中的作用。方法：用4 mmol/L水杨酸浸泡‘玉金香’厚皮甜瓜10 min，测定处理后果实常温贮藏过程中丙二醛（malondialdehyde，MDA）含量，分析活性氧的积累水平、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）和过氧化氢酶（catalase，CAT）活力，以及AsA-GSH循环过程相关酶活力及产物和底物含量。结果：水杨酸处理降低了果实MDA含量，第10天处理组MDA含量较对照组降低14.6%；显著提高了果实O2－·的产生速率和H2O2含量（P＜0.05），其中处理后第2天O2－·的产生速率高出同期对照组的1.9 倍，第6天H2O2含量高出对照组果实29.7%；提高了果实SOD活力，但抑制了CAT活力，说明H2O2的清除可能是依赖于除酶促系统外的其他系统。此外，水杨酸处理提高了果实抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、单脱氢抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶的活力，增加了AsA和氧化型谷胱甘肽的含量，降低了脱氢抗坏血酸和GSH的含量。结论：水杨酸处理诱导了厚皮甜瓜果实的氧爆，抑制了MDA产生，由水杨酸诱导产生的过量H2O2主要依靠AsA-GSH循环系统清除。     

基于Bert预训练模型的虚假新闻文本检测

虚假新闻剥夺了人们获取真相的权利,也给社会和国家带来了许多危害。文中以虚假新闻文本为例,分析和验证了多种预训练语言模型在虚假新闻文本分类上的分类效果。经实验证明,相较于其他语言模型,Bert预训练语言模型取得了较好的结果,预测准确率为86.97%,召回率为88.12%,F1值为87.54%。     

“感知与人机交互”教学实践与PBL模式探索

机器人工程是在国家新工科发展战略背景下为了适应机器人专业人才需求而新近创建的专业。本文依托东南大学机器人工程专业教学体系，介绍了“感知与人机交互”课程的教学实践，探索了PBL教学模式在本门课程中的应用。具体介绍了课程教学内容设置、PBL教学方案例设计及存在问题分析等，可为自动化类机器人工程专业的相关课程教学实践提供参考。     

内含实体对H型垂直轴风力机气动性能的影响

以H型垂直轴风力机及其内含圆柱形实体为研究对象,对NACA0018翼型的五叶片H型垂直轴风力机的气动性能进行数值模拟和实验验证。分析8种不同直径的内含圆柱体,在内含实体截面积占风轮迎风面积之比分别为21.2%、50.0%和76.9%时,风力机风能利用率的峰值分别下降8.04%、20.7%及74.3%。结果表明：随着内含实体直径的增大,风能利用率的峰值逐渐减小,开始较为缓慢,达到一定值时快速下降。小直径内含实体主要影响叶片在下风区的转矩,对风能利用率的影响较小,而大直径内含实体还会影响叶片在上风区的转矩,其风能利用率迅速减小。对于内含固定直径的实体,比如在现有建筑物外侧安装风力机时,其风轮半径的选择需综合考虑风能利用率和风力机的建造成本两方面的因素。研究结果可为建筑物与垂直轴风力机进行有效结合以提高风能的利用提供参考。